تحلیل محتوای نقادانه ‌«اقدام‌پژوهی‌های کشوری» در حوزه‌های درسی و رفتاری دانش‌آموزان به‌مثابه یک روش آموزش (از چهار ساحت: ساختاری، نگارشی، روش‌شناسی و محتوایی)

Today, following the increasing expansion of educational systems and the creation of successive changes in the structure and programs of education, the need to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of education has become more important than ever. On the one hand, many changes and developments in various fields of science and technology have led to changes in teaching methods and the need for teachers to become familiar with new educational technologies. On the other hand, maintaining the continuity of quality and effectiveness of teaching and training, requires identifying the problems and challenges ahead and not anticipated. The teacher is not the link in the education process that should be monitored and inspected; Rather, it is at the forefront of education, and any action that can help improve and restore the irreplaceable role of the teacher in the educational process is a big step in advancing the goals of the education system. (seifullahi, 2002,quoted by Ghobadi, 2017).To this end, if education is to thrive, educators must be transformed, especially teachers who interact extensively with learners. In fact, any significant improvement in schools and the education system must start with the work of a teacher.There is a significant relationship between school improvement and teacher performance .Their knowledge and information, cognitions, attitudes, skills and working methods must change. (Safari, Abdollahi, Saburi, 2019). In such contexts, it is necessary to be aware of the impact of research activities and the process of writing them as a method on its main goal, which is to grow the teaching profession and solve the problems of schools and classrooms, which needs to be analyzed. In such areas, the present study seeks to analyze and analyze the content of 20 examples of national research studies published in 4 areas of structure, writing, methodology and content. To be a step towards the promotion of future research. Therefore, the problem of the present study is to analyze and explain the content quality of national research actions. For this purpose, the following research questions were designed and analyzed: How can the quality of the published national research work be analyzed in terms of structure, writing, methodology and content? According to the purpose and questions, in this research, descriptive[1]analytical methods and descriptive quantitative content analysis of the written text type were used. From the perspective of descriptive-analytical method, in the literature and research background, as well as after identifying the areas and nuclei and sub-nuclei of each analysis, they were described and limited. From the perspective of descriptive content analysis method of the written text, the statistical population, including action studies with two criteria: "nationality" and "published", was considered. Accordingly, 20 case studies were identified. Therefore, sampling was purposeful and limited. After identifying the cases, in the first step, the exact details of the action research IDs (according to the order of publication year from 2005 to 2019), were mentioned and then subjected to open coding (from A to T). In the second step, while researching valid and related books and documents, as well as conducting interviews with experts in the field of action research (including 15 professors of Farhangian University), first the common steps between all action research and then four areas and several core and sub-core, Were extracted and inferred. Based on them, research actions are analyzed. The four areas of expression: structural, writing, methodological and content areas. In the next step, the nuclei and sub-nuclei of the domains were identified and classified: 1. Cores of the structural field include: title, abstract, keywords, introduction, problem statement, current situation description, evidences 2 and 1, solutions, practical measures, barrier expression, final sources and appendix. 2. The cores of the writing field include: paragraphing, punctuation and editing, footnotes of Latin words, font and size, headings, spaces between lines, spaces and semicolons, and in-text references. 3. Cores of methodological field including: problem explanation, research methodology, problem solving method, method specificity, alternative methods and type of methods. 4. Content area cores include: correct identification of the problem, correct understanding of the causes of the problem, providing effective solutions, timely and effective implementation, as well as strong, medium and weak content. In the last step, according to the registration unit and the cores of each class, which was done according to the criterion of four descriptions, Findings were collected in different and related tables and based on that, the final conclusion was made for each area separately. In some contexts, there were limitations to this research, Among the limited number of action studies in the country with two criteria in this study, High number of evaluation criteria and As well as time-consuming research. Adherence to certain limitations of article writing, such as the limited number of words and pages. As a result, since this research was based on two criteria: "nationality" and "published"; Therefore, its generalizations are limited. As a result, the findings of this study indicate that the analyzed research projects have shortcomings in the above four areas. If they want to be more scientific, more problem-oriented, more coherent, and more result-oriented and practical, They need a general overhaul of most of their parts. However, in previous studies in this field, the issue has not been addressed from this perspective. Also, given the steps that most experts agree on, All research activities have common steps in having: title, abstract, evidence 1, results and sources; However, some of these research initiatives did not use steps such as: introduction, description of the current situation, analysis of data, selection of a temporary solution, revision of the report and suggestions. Based on the research findings, it is suggested to researchers in the field of action research that pay attention to these when writing their research work: 1. Considering the framework of scientific-research articles in order to create a uniform process in the structural field of national research action which will also increase their scientific burden. 2. In the field of writing and editing, the nuclei and sub-nuclei of modern writing knowledge should be used. This will ensure smoothness, coherence, harmony between the text and avoidance of repetition. .3. Adopting and selecting a suitable and scientific research method along with mentioning its research stages such as how to choose a research field. 4. From the content point of view, explain the causes of the problem, methods of problem solving, how to choose appropriate and related solutions, explain how to gather evidence, as well as how and the steps to implement the solution to the problem. 5. A research action can explore an innovative idea in order to achieve content production, and to present the scientific materials of his research to the reader in a clear and unambiguous language. This leads to the scientific and content development of other action research. 6. The teacher, as the main element in the process of conducting research, by identifying possible errors in research, to improve their knowledge, attitude, skills and working methods, use them in their research process and in future research, more attention is paid to the problem solving process to be more effective in improving and solving the problem ahead.