نقش فرهنگ خوش‌بینی علمی در بهبود یادگیری فراگیران

Every development in the cultural, economic, political and social spheres requires innovative, creative and educated people who can make the right decisions. Education is the foundation of the social, economic, political and cultural development of any society. Examining the factors affecting the progress and development of advanced societies shows that all of these societies have had effective education. Training that leads to learning and good performance of human resources is the most important issue of any educational system. Education is any pre-planned activity or strategy that aims to create learning in learners. Organizational training; Equipping employees with the knowledge, skills needed and creating the right attitudes in them, these knowledge and skills lead to increased organizational productivity, reduced direct supervision of employees, organizational improvement, organizational learning and increase organizational flexibility. In fact, it can be said that all the amazing advances and successes from the beginning of human life until now are the product of human learning. In today's competitive world, an organization has a chance to survive and to adapt constantly to the changes in the environment around it. Environmental change has forced organizations to constantly seek the best solutions and procedures in order to adapt to their environment and thus achieve a competitive advantage; Therefore, one of the ways to gain a sustainable competitive advantage is to emphasize the continuous learning of employees in order to achieve organizational goals with maximum effectiveness. Learning as an important technical tool is used to achieve a specific goal, which is mainly to increase efficiency and effectiveness. Learning is an important factor that connects different elements and individuals involved in the development process of the organization. Learning is the heart of organizational change, transformation and improvement. In this regard, recognizing the factors that lead to better learning in learners is of particular importance. In other words, scientific optimism leads to better and faster learning of learners; But what is learning? Learning is the process of making a relatively lasting change in behavior or behavioral ability that results from experience. Learning is a change in behavior. Learning outcomes must always be transferable to observable behavior. After learning, the learner will be able to do something he or she could not do before learning. In this regard, one of the issues that researchers have raised in order to better learn learners, is the structure of scientific optimism. Scientific optimism creates a constructive learning environment that results in effective and positive learning forces. Scientific optimism is based on the fact that educators and educators believe that they can have a positive impact on learners' learning and performance, through scientific emphasis, trust in learners to participate in processes, belief in their ability to overcome problems, reaction. Suitable for fractures with perseverance and flexibility in performing their duties. Singh considers the four main elements of learning to be action, reflection, communication and decision. Action, performing a task in the context of similarly experienced cases; Reflection, observation of one's actions and thoughts, and autopsy of the work done; Communication is the creation of ideas for action and organizing them into new formats and decisions, preparing and formulating a procedure and approach for action. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure of scientific optimism and its components in educational organizations in order to achieve more learning for learners, which leads to better performance. Scientific optimism in all educational settings; School, university, organization, community, etc., can be used and there is a positive belief in the educational staff of all educational spaces, that they are able to emphasize learning, with confidence in learners' participation, with faith in capacity and efficiency. Self and learners, and with effort and perseverance, cause learners to learn better and improve their level of knowledge, skills and abilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain the role of culture of scientific optimism in improving learners' learning. The research method is survey and the statistical population is the learners of management training courses in 22 districts of Tehran Municipality in 1398. By multi-stage cluster random sampling, 400 people were selected as the research sample. A 24-item researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. This questionnaire was counted through interviews with experts and interviewing them. The validity of the instrument was determined through face validity and its reliability was calculated through Cronbach's alpha and the adequacy of the instrument. In order to statistically analyze the data, one-way t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used. The results showed that the role of culture of scientific optimism in improving learners 'learning is more than average that the group efficiency component has the greatest effect on improving learners' learning. The issue of group efficiency culture in educational organizations is very important; Because the stronger the group's beliefs about the effectiveness of the teaching staff, the more likely they are to work hard to overcome obstacles and withstand failure, and this flexibility can lead to better learning for learners. Managers and administrators must be accountable for learners' access to learning and its transfer, so the existence of an appropriate educational structure such as a comprehensive education system in organizations is expected. Managers in educational organizations should pay special attention to the sources of scientific optimism. They should provide the necessary opportunities to gain skills and persuasion in order to create scientific optimism in the faculty, so that eventually, learning is achieved at all levels of individual, group and organizational and the organization becomes a learning organization. in order to achieve scientific optimism in all educational spaces, culture and atmosphere should be surrounded by an educational environment that supports this category; Because in management, no category can be found that is free and independent of the role of organizational culture. In fact, by making positive changes in the educational system, in the process of managing educational spaces, fostering a positive spirit and providing the necessary training in the field of scientific optimism to teachers, learners, educators and all those involved in education, organizations can create an open and full space. Create intimacy, respect and cooperation and promote a culture of scientific optimism that will ultimately lead to a humanistic perspective.