بررسی فرصت‌ها و چالش‌های آموزش‌های‌ آن‌لاین در تربیت منش دانشجویان با تأکید بر رویکرد سازه‌گرایی اجتماعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فلسفة تعلیم و تربیت، گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران؛

2 دانشیار گروه فلسفة تعلیم و تربیت دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران؛

3 استادیار گروه فلسفة تعلیم و تربیت دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: فناوری آموزش‌های آن‌لاین با دارا بودن ویژگی‌های منحصر به فردی همچون انعطاف‌پذیری، غیرحضوری بودن، دانشجو محور بودن، یادگیری مستقل مبتنی بر استعداد و علاقه توجه بسیاری از افراد و گروه‌های اجتماعی را به خود جلب نموده است. اما آموزش‌های آن‌لاین ابزاری خنثی و بی‌طرف نبوده و در حوزة پرورش منش دانشجویان ناظر به فرصت‌ها و تهدید‌هایی است. بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی فرصت‌ها و چالش‌های آموزش‌های آن‌لاین در تربیت منش دانشجویان با تأکید بر رویکرد سازه‌گرایی اجتماعی بود.
روش‌: اینپژوهش از جنس پژوهش‌های کیفی و از نوع استنتاجی و تحلیل فلسفی است. روش گردآوری اطلاعات کتابخانه‌ای- اسنادی است.
یافته‌ها: مهم‌ترین فرصت‌های آموزش‌های آن‌لاین در تربیت منش دانشجویان شامل توسعة آموزش‌های چند فرهنگی، آزادی آکادمیک، منش علمی، گسترش پوشش تحصیلی، ایجاد محیط‌های یادگیری تعاملی و پرورش تفکر انتقادی است. در مقابل، چالش‌های آن شامل گسترش عدم صداقت علمی (اَشکال عمدة آن شامل تبانی، فریب‌کاری، سرقت ادبی، سوء استفاده از فناوری و ارائة اطلاعات نادرست است)، نقض حریم خصوصی و عدم رعایت قانون کپی‌رایت است.
امکانات و قابلیت‌های بی‌نظیر آموزش‌های آن‌لاین موجب رشد و گسترش سریع آن در آموزش عالی شد، اما در آموزش‌های آن‌لاین به دلیل فقدان ارتباط واقعی و الگوگیری اخلاقی دانشجو از استاد، با وجود برخی فرصت‌ها زمینة تربیت منش چندان فراهم نیست؛ اما این خلاء را می‌توان با تعاملی‌تر کردن محیط یادگیری، استفادة بیشتر از فناوری‌های چند رسانه‌ای و تدوین کدهای اخلاقی پر کرد. همچنین آموزش مبتنی بر حل مسأله و افزایش هم‌اندیشی استاد- دانشجو می‌تواند اثربخشی تربیتی آموزش‌های آن‌لاین را افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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